Nikolay Kosarev

Differentsirovannyy Podkhod V Obuchenii Uchashchikhsya Resheniyu Zadach Po Fizike: Teoriya I Praktika Nikolay Kosarev Russian edition

Sushchestvuet mnozhestvo raznoobraznykh podkhodov k probleme vnedreniya v uchebnyy protsess metodov differentsirovannogo obucheniya, obespechivayushchikh formirovanie tvorcheskoy lichnosti. Odnim iz takikh podkhodov yavlyaetsya raznourovnevyy kharakter differentsirovannogo obucheniya. Vnutrennyaya differentsiatsiya - takaya organizatsiya uchebno-vospitatel'nogo protsessa, v kotorom uchityvayutsya individual'nye osobennosti uchashchikhsya, ob"edinennykh v tipologicheskie gruppy, s tsel'yu sozdaniya usloviy dlya realizatsii potentsial'nykh vozmozhnostey kazhdogo uchenika. Zadacha, kak odno iz sredstv organizatsii uchebno-vospitatel'nogo protsessa vystupaet v vide slozhnoy didakticheskoy sistemy. Komponentami zadachi yavlyayutsya ee soderzhanie (zadachnaya sistema) i metody, sposoby i sredstva resheniya (reshayushchaya sistema). Planiruya differentsirovannoe obuchenie fizike posredstvom resheniya zadach, neobkhodimo opirat'sya na sleduyushchie printsipy: ono dolzhno byt' razvivayushchim; ono dolzhno opirat'sya na te individual'nye osobennosti uchashchikhsya, kotorye neposredstvenno vliyayut na protsess resheniya imi zadach; obuchenie dolzhno vystraivat'sya takim obrazom, chtoby uchashchiesya samostoyatel'no (v bol'shey stepeni) ovladevali znaniyami, umeniyami i navykami.